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KMID : 0032220230350060289
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Annals of Dermatology
2023 Volume.35 No. 6 p.289 ~ p.299
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Genetic Studies of Actinic Keratosis Development: Where Are We Now?
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Lee Young-Bok
Kim Jong-Il
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Abstract
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Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common precancerous skin lesion that can develop into cutane- ous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). AK is characterized by atypical keratinocytes in the skin’s outer layer and is commonly found in sun-exposed areas. Like many precancerous lesions, the development of AK is closely associated with genetic mutations. The molecular biology and transcriptional mechanisms underlying AK development are not well under- stood. Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, especially UVA and UVB radiation, is a significant risk factor for AK, causing DNA damage and mutagenic effects. Besides UV exposure, comorbidities like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis may also inf luence AK development. AK patients have shown associations with various internal malignancies, in- dicating potential vulnerability in cancer-associated genes. Treatment for AK includes cryo- surgery, electrodesiccation and curettage, chemotherapeutic creams, photodynamic therapy, or topical immune-modulators. Genomic studies have identified genetic aberrations in AK, with common mutations found in genes like TP53, NOTCH1, and NOTCH2 . The progres- sion from AK to CSCC involves chromosomal aberrations and alterations in oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. The functional relationships among these genes are not fully un- derstood, but network analysis provides insights into their potential mechanisms. Further research is needed to enhance our understanding of AK’s pathogenesis and develop novel therapeutic approaches.
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KEYWORD
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Actinic keratosis, Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
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